In a sphere with so much diversity, there are a few things that all entrepreneurs have in common: they’re full of passion and ambition, and they use these as a driving force to build empires that solve some of the world’s toughest problems.
Entrepreneurship
Entrepreneurship bezeichnet zum einen das Ausnutzen unternehmerischer Gelegenheiten sowie den kreativen und gestalterischen unternehmerischen Prozess in einer Organisation, bzw. einer Phase unternehmerischen Wandels, und zum anderen eine wissenschaftliche Teildisziplin der Betriebswirtschaftslehre. Die Entrepreneurship-Forschung (auch Gründungsforschung) präsentiert sich als ein interdisziplinäres Forschungsgebiet. Neben betriebswirtschaftlichen Theorien kommen im Rahmen von Forschungsarbeiten u.a. auch methodische Ansätze aus der Volkswirtschaftslehre, der Geografie, der Soziologie, der Psychologie und der Rechtswissenschaft zum Einsatz.
Entrepreneurship bezeichnet zum einen das Ausnutzen unternehmerischer Gelegenheiten sowie den kreativen und gestalterischen unternehmerischen Prozess in einer Organisation, bzw. einer Phase unternehmerischen Wandels, und zum anderen eine wissenschaftliche Teildisziplin der Betriebswirtschaftslehre. Die Entrepreneurship-Forschung (auch Gründungsforschung) präsentiert sich als ein interdisziplinäres Forschungsgebiet. Neben betriebswirtschaftlichen Theorien kommen im Rahmen von Forschungsarbeiten u.a. auch methodische Ansätze aus der Volkswirtschaftslehre, der Geografie, der Soziologie, der Psychologie und der Rechtswissenschaft zum Einsatz.
Bedeutung des Unternehmers bzw. des Unternehmensgründers
Ökonomische Theorien haben den Unternehmer als zentrale Figur wirtschaftlicher Aktivität lange Zeit vernachlässigt. Erste Erklärungsversuche zur Rolle des Unternehmers finden sich zwar bereits gegen Ende des 18. Jahrhunderts; verstärkt in den Blick der ökonomischen Theoretiker gerückt ist der Unternehmer jedoch erst im Laufe des 20. Jahrhunderts. Im zeitgeschichtlichen Ablauf sind dabei verschiedene Definitionen für den Begriff des Entrepreneurs vorgeschlagen worden, aus denen in der Folge eine Reihe verschiedener wissenschaftlicher Schulen entstanden ist. Nachstehend wird eine Auswahl einflussreicher Vertreter der Ökonomie und deren Definition des Unternehmers dargestellt; zusammengenommen geben diese ein umfassendes Bild der vielfältigen möglichen Unternehmerfunktionen.
1) Cantillion (1734): Cantillion sieht den Entrepreneur als ein Individuum, das von seinem Streben nach Profit angetrieben wird und mit der Fähigkeit ausgestattet ist, Güter billig zu erwerben und teurer zu verkaufen. Der Entrepreneur zeichnet sich durch die Übernahme von Risiken aus.
3) Knight (1921): Für Knight ist der Unternehmer vornehmlich ein Träger von Ungewissheit (true uncertainty). Dieser Ungewissheit kann im Gegensatz zum Risiko keine exakte Eintrittswahrscheinlichkeit zugeordnet werden. Der Wille, sich dieser unkalkulierbaren Ungewissheit zu stellen, begründet nach Knight den wahren Unternehmer.
5) Kirzner (1973): Die Unternehmerfunktion nach Kirzner ist geprägt durch die Nutzung von Arbitragemöglichkeiten. Unvollständige Informationen auf einem Markt werden zum unternehmerischen Vorteil genutzt und es entsteht ein neues Marktgleichgewicht. Der Kirznersche und der Schumpetersche Entrepreneur ergänzen sich folglich zu einem umfassenden Konzept.
Importance of Entrepreneurship
- Entrepreneurs create jobs: Without entrepreneurs, jobs wouldn’t exist. Entrepreneurs take on the risk to employ themselves. Their ambition to continue their business’ growth eventually leads to the creation of new jobs . As their business continues to grow, even more jobs are created.
- Entrepreneurs innovate : Some of the greatest technologies in today’s society have come from businesses. The technological advances come out of a need to solve a problem, create efficiencies, or improve the world. In periods where there’s more advancement in technology, there’s usually an entrepreneur to thank for it.
- Entrepreneurs create change: Entrepreneurs dream big. So naturally, some of their ideas will make worldwide change. They might create a new product that solves a burning problem or take on the challenge to explore something never explored before. Many aim to make the world better with their products, ideas, or businesses.
- Entrepreneurs give to society: While some have this notion of the rich being evil and greedy, they often do more for the greater good than the average person. They make more money and thus pay more in taxes, which helps fund social services. Entrepreneurs are some of the biggest donors to charities and nonprofits for various causes. Some seek to invest their money in creating solutions to help poorer communities have access to things we take for granted, like clean drinking water and good health care.
- Entrepreneurs add to national income: Entrepreneurship generates new wealth in an economy. New ideas and improved products or services from entrepreneurs allow for the growth of new markets and new wealth.
Modern Perspective of Entrepreneurship
Along with some other disciplines, the study of entrepreneurship is also paving its way as an important sub-discipline in many universities and colleges. This means that modern youth is extensively interested in pursuing entrepreneurship as a career path.
Due to this reason, several courses have been introduced related to entrepreneurship. Like any other important and popular discipline, entrepreneurship is also growing rapidly. Today, more and more people are in favour of becoming independent in their professional careers and therefore, there are fewer criticisms to be faced by any aspiring entrepreneur.
Social media age
Living in the social media age sure has some advantages if you have chosen entrepreneurship as your career. Modern day entrepreneurs have the perk of expanding their businesses and reaching out to the target audience with the help of social media.
This eventually provides the opportunity for any entrepreneur to pave his way into the global marketplace. Entrepreneurship in the modern world is something any independent individual with leadership quality would opt for.
Modern day entrepreneur
With the advent of social media age and advanced technologies, entrepreneurship became more complex. Even though there are several ideas and techniques that may be used during entrepreneurial ventures, this somehow does not make the life of an entrepreneur easy. With multiple marketing techniques, reaching out to the target audience became easy.
However, it also increased the workload of an entrepreneur. With the demanding marketplace, the need of innovative ideas also increased along with the desire to be unique in your business venture. Therefore, in entrepreneurship, the many advantages that may be gained by an entrepreneur are also accompanied by a few disadvantages.
Outlook of modern-day entrepreneurship
Some of the aspiring entrepreneurs may have the advantage of being supported by their families when laying down the foundation for their entrepreneurial venture. However, today an independent entrepreneur is highly appreciated as entrepreneurs are considered as risk takers who are willing to reach the heights in the corporate world with their own hard work. The risk of starting everything from scratch is not the kind of risk everyone has the will and courage to take.
Challenges / criticism
Due to popular belief, entrepreneurship is considered to be an easy way out for people not in favour of working under or for someone else. In several ways, many aspects of this statement might be completely true. However, just like any other profession, being an entrepreneur and choosing entrepreneurship as a career may come with several challenges. There are multiple criticisms and challenges that every entrepreneur may face throughout their career.
Monotonous ideas
The stress of coming up with an innovative idea that has not been used in the market before always lingers on every entrepreneur. When choosing entrepreneurship as a career path, it is crystal clear that the only way to stay on top of the corporate world is by coming up with brand new ideas. Creativity is the key to success in entrepreneurship.
However, with such a vast global marketplace, the ideas proposed are often monotonous which leads to the trouble of disapproval from the critics. This is the most common yet crucial challenge that is faced by every entrepreneur.
Disadvantage of being a start-up business
One of the most crucial and problematic disadvantages is the challenge of being a start-up business in the market. This challenge often leads to the trouble of working late hours during the initial phase of your business.
It is often a very crucial challenge to be the start-up business in the corporate world and then pave your way to the top. When facing dynamic and extensive competition, paving your way to the top may not be a very easy task!
Major responsibilities
One of the perks of choosing entrepreneurship as your career is the independence that you get by being an entrepreneur. However, being in charge of a unified team and having complete control over the decisions you make comes with a lot of responsibility.
This might prove to be very challenging for your business. Being the in charge means being responsible for anything that may go wrong in the business. This may prove to be very challenging for any entrepreneur.
Risks of success or failure
There are several risks that may come along with entrepreneurship. Like mentioned earlier, an entrepreneur is responsible for several things. The risks associated with adopting and implementing new and innovative ideas may sometimes result in failure.
Authorship:
https://wirtschaftslexikon.gabler.de/definition/entrepreneurship-51931
https://www.oberlo.com/blog/what-is-entrepreneurship
https://entrepreneurhandbook.co.uk/entrepreneurship/